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Halmahera
Halmahera person is a resident of origin and remain silent on the island of Halmahera and surrounding areas. As part of the Province of Maluku. In terms of administrative region became part of the two districts, the District of North Maluku and Central Halmahera. Residents in the area is one cultural group by the name of Halmahera.Study of prehistoric archeology has been a member or individual attention to Halmahera. This area is considered to have its own role, which is a strategic area for the movement of people across Southeast Asia to Melanesia and Mekronesia in the past. Halmahera also the key to be able to specify the location of the homeland of Austronesian-speaking populations in the Pacific Islands.Social aspects: the Halmahera region there are 25 ethnic groups with subgroups, each - each number pendukunganya relatively little. Group - an ethnic group that has its own dialect or language support incorporated in the Family Language Halmahera, among other language groups with Tidore, Ternate, Sabu, West Makian, Tobaru, Galela, Mother, Loloda, Tobelo, Modole, Capping, Waioli, Morotai, Bacan , Obi, Goroa, Kohariamo, Wohia, Gamsungi, Buli, Pediwang, Lolobatta, etc.Economic aspects: Society of Halmahera in general living from agriculture and marine products. Plantations of considerable potential is coconut, cloves, nutmeg, chocolate and some other crops, like coffee, cotton and cinnamon. Business is the cultivation of rice field, a new field begins, corn, cassava, beans - beans. Great store of wealth that sea and they have work on it in the form of various types of fish as well as results - results such as pearls, seaweed, shrimp, snails, sea cucumbers, squid - squid, mussels.Aspects of Religion: In the field of religion, the majority of the population converted to Islam, because the history of the inclusion of religious teachings of Islam in this region is long enough. 15 centuries ago, and some other sources claim the 13th century and 8th century.
Source readings:
A. Melalatoa, M. Jonah. Of 1995. Encyclopedia Ethnic Groups in Indonesia. Jakarta.Department of Education and Culture
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Flores
Flores has one of the rare and endangered animals in the world of Varanus komodoensis or better known as the giant Komodo. Raptil lived on the island of Komodo and Rinca Island, both located in West Manggarai, West Flores. In addition to the island of Komodo and Rinca Islands are included in the National kawasanTaman Komodo, Flores also has one more National Parks located in Ende, Flores is the National Park. The main attraction is Lake National Park Kelimutu his Three Colors are always changing the color of lake water. In Riung, northern district Ngada, there are 17 marine parks are as beautiful as the island of Bunaken marine park in Manado.People who come from Flores often called the Lamaholot, because the language used Lamaholot tribal language.
Social aspects: social coating depends on the beginning of the first arrival of people, because it recognized the existence of a master who decides everything, dividing the land to the tribe Mehen who arrived later. Followed by a tribe Ketawo acquired the rights to live and cultivate land from tribal Mehen. Mehen tribes to maintain their existence is judged as a landlord, be they warriors - warriors who helped the tribe Ketawo role.
Economic aspects: The livelihoods of the people of Flores are the main visible in the expression as: Ola monument, here Happen, ILua Watanabe, Gere Kiwan Pau overwhelmed heka ana, Geleka lewo gewayan, Toran murine laran (Working in the field, Slicing wine, shelled, work in the mountains service / family member lives, receiving foreign guests.
Source readings:A. Melalatoa, M. Jonah. Of 1995. Encyclopedia Ethnic Groups in Indonesia. Jakarta.Department of Education and Culture
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Cool, so you'll feel when you first get out of the car. Here the temperature reaches 10 degrees to 0 degrees Celsius even when in the morning. So, you should prepare for cool clothes, beanie hats, gloves, socks, scarves to cope. But, if you forget about the equipment, there are many vendors offering wares in the form of hats, gloves, or scarves.
Bromo Sunrise view from Pananjakan
Regular visitor to visit the region since the early days with the aim to see the sunrise. To view them, you have to climb Mount Pananjakan which is the highest mountain in the region. Fields that must be traversed to get to Mount Pananjakan the rugged terrain. To reach the foot of Mount Pananjakan, you have to go through the desert-like area that can make you get lost. When I had to climb Mount Pananjakan, narrow streets and lots of sharp turns would require a high driving skills. To that end, many visitors choose to rent a car hardtop (a type jeep) driven by the community. The community is derived from the Tengger tribe is friendly with visitors.
Up above, there are plenty of shops serving coffee or tea and a fire to warm themselves while waiting for the sun tebitnya. There are also shops that rent out warm clothing.Watching the sunrise is an exciting event. The proof, the visitors are willing to wait since 5 am facing east so as not to lose this moment. You were not always able to see this event, because of cloudy sky, the appearance of the sun is not seen clearly. However, when the sky is clear, you can see the roundness of the sun which first matches only small pins, slowly enlarge and eventually form a complete circle and give information so that we can see the sights of the mountains in this region. Among other things, of Mount Bromo, Mount Batok, or Mount Semeru is the highest mountain in Java.
Bromo crater and the Ocean Sand
Finished watching the sunrise, you can go back down the mountain and towards Mount Bromo Pananjakan. Sunlight can make you see the scenery around. Turns out you pass through the sea of sand which covers 10 km ². Arid regions are filled with sand and covered only a few dried grasses. A gust of wind, making the sand fly and you can make it difficult to breathe.
To reach the foot of Mount Bromo, you can not use the vehicle. Instead, you should hire a horse at a price of Rp 70,000, - or if you feel strong, you can choose to walk. However, it should be noted that walking is not easy, because the hot sun, long distance, the flying dust can make the trip harder.
Now, you have to climb stairs that number reached 250 stairs to see the crater of Mount Bromo. Arriving at Bromo is the high peak 2392 m above sea level, you can see the crater of Mount Bromo who smoke. You can also cast your gaze downward, and saw the sea of sand to the temple in its midst. It's really incredibly rare and unusual that we enjoy.
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My principle is to be familiar with a city: its history recognize! With out the history of the city, the memorial of our bond with the city will be able to penetrate the space of time.Therefore, when there is an invitation to explore the old city of Surabaya community "Surabaya Tourism" Sunday, September 9 last, I was very enthusiastic. Since a long time, my wife and I admire the remains of colonial urban planning in North Surabaya numbers are still majestic stand.
Left the city the figure below (Beneden stad) VOC as the government built an important port that connects the archipelago. The event of "Surabaya Tourism" is the idea that suddenly rolled out a few people in early September. The concept is simple, namely to recognize the form of the old city of Surabaya with a wealth of original culture, including the culinary discourse, traditional markets and of course of history in it by walking along the city's past track record of over 700 years old this.
European cities
The route starts from the post office located on the road Kebonrojo (Regentstraat) situated in the area of the square (now the Heroes Monument). If the observed area of the square, some remnants of colonial-era buildings still standing due to be converted and used until now. If we look Bappeda office, Bank Mandiri and the Governor's office Surabaya then imagine a similar building was once the cinema Rialto, Lindeteves Stokvis and Governours Kantoor in the past. Some have been destroyed while leaving debris that could take a look at the Monument of Heroes, which was once the Raad van Justitie building.
Area of the square or city park (stadstuin) is the second development of the circumference of the city of Surabaya is built VOC. Initials, Surabaya was built in the area now known as the Red Bridge area and Japan as Flower. VOC fortress city block by dividing the natural edge of the river (Kalimas) which divides the city into two. This separation is known to discharge Wijkenstelsel legislation in 1843. West of the river is the area of European settlement. While the rest are foreign to Easterners (Arabs and ethnic Chinese).
Segregation was intended in the early development of the city, but over time became a territory which is realized by spatial settlement patterns characterized. Area for the Europeans met with many European-style architecture. Some of the landmarks, including the series of buildings in the way of Red Bridge, overlooking the Kalimas (identical to the pattern in the Netherlands, where the buildings facing the river). The buildings along this street brings treasures of colonial architecture beginning with the trademark use of the roof and towers that blend with the building equipped with Dormer (window in the roof).
These characteristics can be observed in them through the building which is now the office of BII, the former PT. Aperdi in the way of Red Bridge, or the House Cigars and De Javasche Bank (now BNI) in the way of Eagles (heerenstraat). The buildings were mostly built in the late 19th or early 20th century architecture in which the grip is still perpetuate the growing influence of neo-classical in Europe.
These buildings are more neo-classical purists can still be observed even in the building which is now the office building Polwiltabes Surabaya and PTPN XI. Use of the pillars of classical Greek style and the rigid symmetrical facade is still visible in these buildings.
While newer buildings dinafasi by the spirit of "contemporary" (modernity) that plague the Dutch in the mid 1920's. Several buildings, among them the works FJL Ghijsels and Nedam which greatly influenced the concept of De Stijl, the patterns of lines and asimetrisitas who are "in" at that time. Ghijsels design hotel located at the junction Internatio Hereenstrat and Willemsplein (now Jl. Jayengrono), where in 1945 Mallaby was killed. While Nedam is the designer of the East Java governor's office in the Heroes Monument. Another modern masterpiece is the work of CPW PTPN XII Shoemaker on Jl. Red Bridge and the Hotel Ibis in Jl. Eagle that carries the spirit of art deco (dominance repetition of decorative elements) (the plural in Bandung).
Vreemde Oosterlingen Camp
Meanwhile, the tour is followed by nine participants continued heading across the river, which was formerly the territory to Vreemde Oosterlingen, or Foreign Orientals - as the foreign non-native Asia. At the nearest boundary with the European region is a region that is now the Chinatown area of Flower and Japan as the Stage road. While on the north side there is the Arab region which surrounds the area where there are grave Ampel Sunan Ampel. Route of the tour is down the road toward the stage Arabische Camp. Interesting phenomenon can be observed is the difference in settlement patterns, in which if Europe adopts a view to the river from the towns on the continent of blue, so long as Stage Road, which was once Chinatown, justu back to the river settlements. This phenomenon is similar to the Chinatown area in Pasar Gede Solo.Arab and Chinese ethnic mix in this transition region, so do not be surprised if now some Arabs who inhabit this region in fact is actually dominated by the formation of the architecture of Chinese houses in the colonial era.
The stage road leads to the gate area that is Ampel "Arab village" in the past.Settlement patterns in this region is organic, as well as Chinatowns. The difference, if developed following the settlement of ethnic Chinese city jejalur (paths), the Arab villages are more circular with the center of the mosque and tomb of Sunan Ampel, who was raised a traditional style asimiliatif between Majapahit and the Chinese (like the tower of the Holy). Some relics of the past can be found in this region, such as kemadjoean Hotel was built in 1928. Unfortunately, the population density in this region that separates the blunt sense of nostalgia of the past with the present reality. Although Arab descendants still dominate the demographics of the region in which they retain the character of the old economy by selling the book, traditional foods and perfumes.
Recording the Past
After tasting the typical Middle Eastern food in the shops Yemen, the route continues to the House of Sampoerna which is located in the northern region. House of Sampoerna had been the residence Sampoerna cigarette factory founder, Liem Siong Te and then integrating it with a cigarette factory. Location of the house is now a museum adjacent to the legacy of the colonial prison, before later moving to Kalisosok Jl. Lathe. The route was through the bridge is a drawbridge Petekan which, in the past to ease the route towards Kalimas ships passing through the interior. The rest of the drawbridge including rerodanya still on site. This proves that the ancient Surabaya is built with the main jejalur Kalimas, by means of ships down. Therefore, do not be surprised if Bovenstad (Upper City) is in fact developing a new area of the city to move to follow the route Kalimas on the site which is now the City Hall and the Darmokali.
After the House of Sampoerna, the route ends at PTPN XI, which as explained in the beginning that this building is a building with neo-classical style. Symmetrical facade, and many decorated with decorative elements from the column until the detail of the facade. Volume of building is very large and reminds me of the figures in Semarang Lawang Sewu I have ever visited in the framework of the excursion in 2004. The concept is the same, a lobby at the main transition space, then an open space in the middle, plus the atmosphere wingit her. The difference, PTPN XI is very well maintained and is still used.
PTPN XI be the perfect dessert to end a tour behind the record in Surabaya this week.That to preserve the relics of the past, not enough to just make a command asylum mere cultural heritage, but his honor in the most appropriate form, which is revitalizing. A building will function optimally when there is an interaction between physical objects with non-physical structure of the activities in it. Likewise, a much greater scale, namely the city. Takes a positive interaction in the form of an appreciation of the elements of the city, including respect for the history and legacy of the past. The show kind of "work properly work properly Surabaya-Lawas" was initiated by my friends "Surabaya Tourism" is very effective to create an awareness of "meruang" on themselves citizens of the city accompanied by the spirit to appreciate the trace length of a city that was more than half of the millennium kind of Surabaya. If not, this exotic region will easily run over the pace of modernism bulldozer widening.
My vision is very open, meliarkan a vivid dream to reconstruct the history of the city's past as a blueprint for the development of the city of Surabaya. Imagining Amsterdam of the East, with the main jejalur Kalimas flow, and the "pedestrian-friendly" in the benedenstad to open the space-time horizon into the past. But things like that requires a solid public awareness to make it happen. And through a series of activities such as those initiated "Surabaya Tourism" is a potential that consciousness emerged.
Therefore, I want to say thank you to everyone who has put the organizers of the event.Especially to Mrs. Erni who has made a valuable summary of the objects of excursions.Plus to all participants, my wife, Gina, Mr. Rudi (which explains the detail painting on the building in January Toroop PT. Aperdi), bu Muriani and Mr. William Tan, Fahmi, Santi and Tita who had roamed together across space and time history of Surabaya.
